What is closed circuit voltage in welding?
In welding, the term “closed circuit voltage” is not commonly used. The correct term for the voltage when the welding circuit is closed and the welding current is flowing is “arc voltage” or “welding voltage.”
Arc voltage refers to the voltage drop across the welding arc between the welding electrode and the workpiece. It is the voltage necessary to maintain a stable and sustained arc during the welding process. The arc voltage is an essential parameter that affects the heat input, weld penetration, and overall welding performance.
The magnitude of the arc voltage can vary depending on several factors, including the welding process, welding parameters, electrode type, and welding arc length. Different welding processes, such as shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW/MIG), or tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding, may have different typical arc voltage ranges.
The arc voltage is influenced by the welding current and the electrical resistance of the welding circuit. Generally, as the welding current increases, the arc voltage also increases. However, the relationship between arc voltage and welding current is not linear and can be affected by factors such as electrode type, arc length, and shielding gas.
To maintain a stable arc and achieve desired welding results, welders need to control and adjust the arc voltage according to the specific welding application. It can be regulated by modifying welding parameters, such as the welding current, electrode stick-out, travel speed, or voltage settings on the welding power source, depending on the process being used.
